Barrier around Harambe the gorilla's enclosure was not up to code

CINCINNATI -- A barrier separating Cincinnati Zoo visitors from a gorilla exhibit wasn't in compliance with standards when a 3-year-old boy slipped inside, resulting in the shooting death of an endangered gorilla named Harambe, federal inspectors concluded.

A U.S. Department of Agriculture inspection report, obtained Thursday by The Associated Press, also stated the zoo's dangerous-animal response team properly followed procedures after visitors called 911 on May 28 to report a child in the gorilla enclosure. A team member concluded the child was in "life-threatening danger."

The death of the 17-year-old male western lowland gorilla led to mourning around the globe and a storm of criticism and unending social media attention.

The zoo quickly made the barrier taller and added nylon mesh and surveillance cameras. It said there had been no previous problems in the Gorilla World exhibit's 38-year history and its barriers were always found compliant in earlier federal inspections, including in April.

The federal investigation is continuing and could lead to fines or other disciplinary action.

The department's animal welfare arm confirmed the zoo's barrier system had been considered to be in compliance during earlier inspections.

Department spokeswoman Tanya Espinosa said the barriers must restrict public contact from the gorillas.

"It became apparent on May 28 that the barrier was no longer effective," Espinosa said via email. "The Cincinnati Zoo took swift and comprehensive corrective action in response."

Zoo Director Thane Maynard said the zoo will continue to work with authorities to ensure its exhibits meet or exceed standards.

"We remain committed to visitor and animal safety," Maynard said.

The Department of Agriculture inspectors said in a report dated June 6 there had been "some slack" in wire cables in the barrier that could have been "manipulated to an eight-inch gap." Beyond the barrier were bushes and other landscaping that was 18 to 24 inches tall, followed by a 15-foot drop-off into a moat.

The report stated visitors had notified a keeper and called 911 to report a child was in the exhibit and the keeper activated the zoo's emergency response.

A member of the Dangerous Animal Response Team arrived in about nine minutes, the report stated. It said Harambe didn't respond to attempts to return him to the gorilla holding area after making contact with the boy, dragging the boy by the leg in the shallow moat water and again on the ground.

"The DART team member determined the child's life to be in imminent, life-threatening danger and shot the gorilla with a single gunshot and the gorilla died instantly," the report stated.

The boy, who had slipped away from his mother, recovered without major injury. Hamilton County prosecutor Joe Deters concluded after an investigation that no charges were warranted.

Animal welfare activists and other gorilla fans expressed anger at Harambe's death, and it became the subject of countless memes and popular culture references. The zoo recently reactivated its Twitter account after suspending it because of hacks by critics.

The People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals Foundation said it hopes people will remember the gorilla's death.

"Harambe's death was as preventable as it was tragic, just as it's tragic to deny any wild animal everything that's natural and important to him for the sake of selling tickets to a zoo exhibit," said Brittany Peet, a PETA Foundation director.